Karkashin tsarin gine-ginen 400V na gargajiya, maganadisu na dindindinmotocisuna da wuya ga dumama da demagnetization a karkashin babban halin yanzu da kuma high gudun yanayi, sa shi da wuya a inganta gaba daya motor ikon. Wannan yana ba da dama ga gine-ginen 800V don cimma karuwar ƙarfin mota a ƙarƙashin ƙarfin halin yanzu. A karkashin 800V gine-gine, damotayana fuskantar manyan buƙatu guda biyu: ɗaukar rigakafin lalata da ingantaccen aikin rufewa.
Hanyoyin Hanyar Fasaha:
Hanyar hanyar jujjuyawar motsi: waya mara nauyi. Motar waya mai lebur tana nufin amotawanda ke amfani da lebur tagulla sanye take da iska (musamman injin maganadisu na dindindin na dindindin). Idan aka kwatanta da motar waya madauwari, motar waya mai fa'ida tana da fa'idodi kamar ƙaramin girman, babban adadin cika ramuka, ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfi, kyakkyawan aikin NVH, da ingantaccen yanayin zafi da aikin watsar zafi. Zai iya mafi kyawun saduwa da aikin neman nauyi, ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfi, da sauran buƙatun aiki a ƙarƙashin manyan dandamali na ƙarfin lantarki, A lokaci guda, yana iya rage matsalar lalata ta lalacewa ta hanyar lalacewar fim ɗin mai da samuwar shaft na yanzu lokacin da shaft ƙarfin lantarki ne high.
1.Motor sanyaya fasaha Trend: mai sanyaya. Mai sanyaya mai yana magance rashin lahani na fasahar sanyaya ruwa ta hanyar rage girman motar da ƙara ƙarfi. Amfanin sanyaya mai shine cewa man yana da abubuwan da ba su da ƙarfi kuma ba na maganadisu ba, mafi kyawun aikin rufewa, kuma yana iya tuntuɓar abubuwan ciki na motar kai tsaye. A ƙarƙashin yanayin aiki iri ɗaya, yanayin zafi na cikin mai ya yi sanyimotocisun kasance kusan 15% ƙasa da waɗanda aka sanyaya ruwamotoci, Yin sauƙi ga motar don watsar da zafi.
Ikon wutar lantarki: madadin SiC, yana nuna fa'idodin aikin
Inganta inganci, rage yawan amfani da wutar lantarki, da rage girma. Tare da ci gaba na 800V babban ƙarfin lantarki aiki dandamali don batura, an gabatar da buƙatu mafi girma don abubuwan da suka shafi wutar lantarki da sarrafa lantarki.
Dangane da bayanai daga Fodie Power, na'urorin silicon carbide suna da fa'idodi masu zuwa a cikin aikace-aikacen samfuran masu sarrafa motoci:
1. Yana iya inganta haɓakar ƙananan kaya a cikin tsarin kula da lantarki, ƙara yawan abin hawa ta 5-10%;
2. Ƙara yawan ƙarfin mai sarrafawa daga 18kw / L zuwa 45kw / L, wanda ke da amfani ga miniaturization;
3. Haɓaka ingantaccen tsarin ƙididdiga na yanki mai inganci na 85% da 6%, da haɓaka haɓakar matsakaicin matsakaicin matsakaici da ƙananan kaya da 10%;
4. Ƙarar samfurin siliki carbide lantarki sarrafa samfurin yana raguwa da 40%, wanda zai iya inganta amfani da sararin samaniya yadda ya kamata da kuma taimakawa wajen ci gaba da ci gaba na miniaturization.
Lissafin sararin samaniyar wutar lantarki: Girman kasuwa na iya kaiwa yuan biliyan 2.5,
Shekaru uku CAGR189.9%
Don lissafin sararin samaniya na mai sarrafa motar a ƙarƙashin ƙirar abin hawa 800V, muna ɗauka cewa:
1. Sabuwar motar makamashi a ƙarƙashin babban dandamali mai ƙarfin lantarki yana sanye da saiti na masu kula da motoci ko taron motsa jiki na lantarki;
2. Darajar mota guda ɗaya: Dangane da kudaden shiga / tallace-tallace na samfurori masu dacewa da aka sanar a cikin rahoton shekara-shekara na 2021 na Intel, ƙimar ita ce 1141.29 yuan / saita. La'akari da cewa yaɗawa da haɓaka na'urorin silicon carbide a fagen samfuran sarrafa lantarki a nan gaba zai haifar da haɓaka ƙimar ƙimar samfuran, muna ɗauka cewa farashin naúrar zai kasance yuan 1145 / saita a cikin 2022 kuma yana ƙaruwa kowace shekara. shekara.
Bisa kididdigar da muka yi, a shekarar 2025, sararin kasuwannin gida da na duniya na masu sarrafa wutar lantarki a kan dandali mai karfin V 800 zai kasance yuan biliyan 1.154 da yuan biliyan 2.486, bi da bi. CAGR na shekaru 22-25 zai zama 172.02% da 189.98%.
Samar da wutar lantarki: aikace-aikacen na'urar SiC, yana tallafawa haɓakar 800V
Dangane da inganta aikin samfur: Idan aka kwatanta da bututun silicon MOS na al'ada, bututun silicon carbide MOS suna da kyawawan halaye kamar ƙarancin juriya, juriya mafi girma, kyawawan halayen mitoci, juriya mai zafi, da ƙaramin ƙarfin junction. Idan aka kwatanta da samfuran samar da wutar lantarki na abin hawa (OBC) sanye take da na'urori masu tushen Si, yana iya ƙara mitar sauyawa, rage ƙara, rage nauyi, haɓaka ƙarfin wuta, da haɓaka aiki. Misali, mitar sauyawa ya karu da sau 4-5; Rage ƙarar da kusan sau 2; Rage nauyi da sau 2; An ƙara ƙarfin ƙarfin daga 2.1 zuwa 3.3kw/L; Inganta ingantaccen aiki da 3%+.
Aikace-aikacen na'urorin SiC na iya taimakawa samfuran wutar lantarki na kera su bi abubuwan da ke faruwa kamar ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfi, ingantaccen juzu'i, da ƙarancin nauyi, kuma mafi dacewa da buƙatun caji da sauri da haɓaka dandamali na 800V. Aikace-aikacen na'urorin wutar lantarki na SiC a cikin DC/DC kuma na iya kawo juriya mai ƙarfi, ƙarancin asara, da nauyi ga na'urorin.
Dangane da samar da ci gaban kasuwa: Domin dacewa da al'adar 400V DC na caji mai sauri, motocin da aka sanye da dandali mai ƙarfin lantarki na 800V dole ne a sanye su da ƙarin mai canza DC/DC don haɓaka 400V zuwa 800V don saurin cajin batir na DC. wanda ke ƙara ƙara buƙatar na'urorin DC/DC. A lokaci guda kuma, babban dandamali na samar da wutar lantarki ya kuma inganta haɓakar caja a kan jirgi, yana kawo sababbin abubuwan da aka ƙara zuwa manyan OBCs.
Ƙididdigar sararin samaniyar samar da wutar lantarki: Sama da yuan biliyan 3 a sararin samaniya a cikin shekaru 25, ya ninka CAGR a cikin shekaru 22-25
Don lissafin sararin samaniya na samfurin samar da wutar lantarki (DC/DC mai sauya & caja OBC) ƙarƙashin ƙirar abin hawa 800V, muna ɗauka cewa:
Sabuwar motar makamashi tana sanye take da saiti na masu canza DC/DC da caja OBC ko saitin samfuran haɗaɗɗen wutar lantarki;
Filin Kasuwa don Samfuran Wutar Mota=Sayar da Sabbin Motocin Makamashi × Ƙimar abin hawa ɗaya na samfurin daidai;
Darajar mota guda: Dangane da yawan kudaden shiga/sayar da samfurin da ya dace a cikin rahoton shekara ta 2021 na fasahar Xinrui. Daga cikin su, mai canza DC / DC shine 1589.68 yuan / mota; Jirgin saman OBC shine yuan 2029.32 / abin hawa.
Bisa kididdigar da muka yi, a karkashin dandali mai karfin 800V a shekarar 2025, sararin cikin gida da na duniya na masu sauya DC/DC zai zama yuan biliyan 1.588 da yuan biliyan 3.422, tare da CAGR na 170.94% da 188.83% daga shekarar 2022 zuwa 2025; Kasuwar cikin gida da ta duniya don caja kan jirgin OBC yuan biliyan 2.027 da yuan biliyan 4.369, tare da CAGR na 170.94% da 188.83% daga 2022 zuwa 2025.
Relay: Ƙaruwar farashin ƙara a ƙarƙashin babban yanayin ƙarfin lantarki
Babban ƙarfin wutar lantarki na DC shine ainihin ɓangaren sabbin motocin makamashi, tare da amfani da abin hawa guda ɗaya na 5-8. Babban ƙarfin wutar lantarki na DC shine bawul ɗin aminci don sabbin motocin makamashi, wanda ke shiga yanayin da aka haɗa yayin aikin abin hawa kuma zai iya raba tsarin ajiyar makamashi daga tsarin lantarki idan abin hawa ya gaza. A halin yanzu, sabbin motocin makamashi suna buƙatar sanye take da 5-8 high-voltage DC relays (ciki har da 1-2 main relays don sauyawar gaggawa na babban ƙarfin wutar lantarki a cikin haɗarin haɗari ko rashin daidaituwa na da'ira; 1 pre caja don raba abubuwan. tasiri na babban gudun ba da sanda; 1-2 masu saurin caji don keɓe babban ƙarfin lantarki idan akwai rashin daidaituwa na caji na yau da kullun;
Kididdigar sararin samaniya: yuan biliyan 3 a sararin samaniya a cikin shekaru 25, tare da CAGR fiye da sau 2 a cikin shekaru 22-25
Don lissafin sararin gudun ba da sanda a ƙarƙashin samfurin abin hawa 800V, muna ɗauka cewa:
Babban ƙarfin lantarki sabon motocin makamashi yana buƙatar sanye take da relays 5-8, don haka za mu zaɓi matsakaicin, tare da buƙatun abin hawa guda ɗaya na 6;
2. Idan aka yi la'akari da karuwar darajar wutar lantarki ta DC a kowane abin hawa saboda haɓaka manyan dandamali na wutar lantarki a nan gaba, muna ɗaukar farashin naúrar yuan 200 a kowace raka'a a cikin 2022 kuma muna ƙaruwa kowace shekara;
Dangane da lissafin mu, sararin kasuwa don babban ƙarfin wutar lantarki na DC akan dandamalin 800V a cikin 2025 yana kusa da yuan biliyan 3, tare da CAGR na 202.6%.
Thin film capacitors: zabi na farko a fagen sabon makamashi
Ƙananan fina-finai sun zama madadin da aka fi so ga electrolysis a fagen sabon makamashi. Babban bangaren tsarin sarrafa lantarki na sabbin motocin makamashi shine inverter. Idan jujjuyawar wutar lantarki akan mashin ɗin ya wuce iyakar da aka yarda, zai haifar da lalacewa ga IGBT. Saboda haka, wajibi ne a yi amfani da capacitors don santsi da tace fitarwa ƙarfin lantarki na rectifier, da kuma sha high amplitude bugun jini halin yanzu. A fagen inverter, ana buƙatar capacitors tare da juriya mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, babban aminci, tsawon rayuwa, da juriya mai zafi. Ƙananan capacitors na fina-finai na iya fi dacewa da bukatun da ke sama, yana mai da su zabin da aka fi so a fagen sabon makamashi.
Amfani da motoci guda ɗaya yana ƙaruwa sannu a hankali, kuma buƙatun masu ɗaukar fim na bakin ciki za su yi girma fiye da haɓakar sabbin masana'antar motocin makamashi. Bukatar sabbin hanyoyin samar da makamashi na makamashi mai ƙarfi ya karu, yayin da manyan motocin lantarki waɗanda ke sanye da babban caji mai sauri gabaɗaya suna buƙatar sanye take da masu ɗaukar fim na bakin ciki 2-4. Kayayyakin capacitor na fim na bakin ciki za su fuskanci buƙatu fiye da sabbin motocin makamashi.
Buƙatar masu ƙarfin fim na bakin ciki: Babban caji mai sauri yana kawo sabon haɓaka, tare da AGR na 189.2% na shekaru 22-25
Don lissafin sararin samaniya na masu ɗaukar fim na bakin ciki a ƙarƙashin ƙirar abin hawa 800V, muna ɗauka cewa:
1. Farashin na bakin ciki film capacitors bambanta dangane da daban-daban abin hawa model da mota ikon. Mafi girman ƙarfin, mafi girman ƙimar, kuma daidai yake mafi girman farashin. Yin la'akari da matsakaicin farashin yuan 300;
2. Bukatar sabbin motocin makamashi tare da caji mai sauri mai sauri shine raka'a 2-4 a kowace naúrar, kuma muna ɗaukar matsakaicin buƙatun raka'a 3 a kowace naúrar.
Dangane da lissafin mu, filin capacitor na fim wanda samfurin caji mai sauri na 800V ya kawo a shekarar 2025 shine yuan biliyan 1.937, tare da CAGR = 189.2%
Babban masu haɗa wutar lantarki: haɓaka amfani da aiki
Haɗin wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi kamar tasoshin jini ne a cikin jikin ɗan adam, aikinsu shine ci gaba da watsa makamashi daga tsarin baturi zuwa na'urori daban-daban.
Dangane da sashi. A halin yanzu, duk tsarin gine-ginen abin hawa har yanzu yana dogara ne akan 400V. Domin biyan buƙatun caji mai sauri na 800V, ana buƙatar mai canza wutar lantarki na DC/DC daga 800V zuwa 400V, don haka ƙara yawan masu haɗawa. Sabili da haka, babban mai haɗin wutar lantarki ASP na sababbin motocin makamashi a ƙarƙashin gine-ginen 800V za a inganta sosai. Mun kiyasta cewa darajar mota ɗaya ta kai yuan 3000 (motocin da ke amfani da man fetur na gargajiya suna da darajar kusan yuan 1000).
Dangane da fasaha. Abubuwan buƙatun na masu haɗawa a cikin tsarin ƙarfin lantarki sun haɗa da:
1. Samun babban ƙarfin lantarki da babban aiki na yanzu;
2. Aiwatar da manyan ayyuka na kariya a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban na aiki;
Yana da kyakkyawan aikin kariya na lantarki. Sabili da haka, don saduwa da buƙatun aiki a ƙarƙashin yanayin 800V, haɓakar fasaha na masu haɗin wutar lantarki ba makawa.
Fuses: Ƙara yawan shigar sabbin fis
Fuses sune “fus” na sabbin motocin makamashi. Fusfu shine na'urar lantarki wanda, lokacin da halin yanzu a cikin tsarin ya wuce ƙimar da aka ƙididdige shi, zafi da aka haifar zai haɗa da narke, cimma manufar cire haɗin kewaye.
Adadin shigar sabbin fis ya ƙaru. Siginar lantarki ne ke haifar da fis ɗin tashin hankali don kunna na'urar motsa jiki, ba shi damar sakin kuzarin da aka adana. Ta hanyar ƙarfin injina, da sauri yana haifar da hutu kuma yana kammala baka na kashe babban kuskuren halin yanzu, don haka yanke na yanzu da samun aikin kariya. Idan aka kwatanta da fuses na al'ada, mai karfin motsa jiki yana da halaye na ƙananan ƙananan, ƙananan amfani da wutar lantarki, ƙarfin ƙarfin halin yanzu mai ƙarfi, juriya ga manyan rikice-rikice na yau da kullum, aiki mai sauri, da lokacin kariya mai sarrafawa, yana sa ya fi dacewa da tsarin wutar lantarki mai girma. Karkashin tsarin gine-ginen 800V, yawan shigar da fis masu kara kuzari zai karu cikin sauri, kuma ana sa ran darajar abin hawa guda zai kai yuan 250.
Lissafin sararin samaniya don fuses da masu haɗin wutar lantarki: CAGR = 189.2% daga shekaru 22 zuwa 25
Don ƙididdige sararin samaniya na fuses da masu haɗin wutar lantarki a ƙarƙashin ƙirar abin hawa 800V, muna ɗauka cewa:
1. Ƙimar abin hawa guda ɗaya na masu haɗin wutar lantarki mai girma shine kusan 3000 yuan / abin hawa;
2. Ƙimar abin hawa guda ɗaya na fuse shine kusan yuan 250 / abin hawa;
Dangane da lissafin mu, sararin kasuwa na masu haɗin wutar lantarki da fuses wanda samfurin caji mai sauri na 800V ya kawo a cikin 2025 shine yuan biliyan 6.458 da yuan miliyan 538, bi da bi, tare da CAGR = 189.2%
Lokacin aikawa: Nuwamba-10-2023
